Are Too Many People Going to College Essay

Too Many People Indeed In America higher education has become an expectation of high school teachers, advisors, and parents for students to obtain a successful life and prosper in their field of study, no matter the conditions, after graduating high school. In this article, â€Å"Are Too Many People Going to College,† written by Charles Murray, he feels that not everyone is meant to earn a college degree, even though society thinks otherwise. Charles Murray believes that the elementary years are the prime years for learning the core knowledge, and that â€Å"starting early is partly a matter part of necessity† (Murray 224). The reason for this occurrence is, because most young children enjoy learning more than adult students. The classes in high school are assumed to prepare you for college, but they teach this curriculum â€Å"at a level below college course demands,† so Murray believes that it can either prepare the interested ones for this post secondary transition, or be more work for what it is worth, according to what their future has in store for them (Murray 224). Students who realize they want to attend a post secondary school are offered two and four year degrees. Four-year degrees have become standard for people who have the will power and resources to achieve the diploma at the end, but not many people are willing to finish through. â€Å"†¦In 1995, only 58 percent had gotten their B.A. five academic years later. Another 14 percent were still enrolled,† so now their four-year plan has now ended up being five years, six years, and eventually a degree for some. Finding a job that absolutely requires a Bachelors Degree is rare these days. So obtaining this extra two-year degree may be a waste of time and money for most students. Not everyone wants to be a lawyer or doctor anyways, there are some people that want â€Å"to become a good hotel manager, software designer, accountant, hospital administrator†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and going to a college that offers a two year  program or technical college would be the most proficient way abou t dealing with this (Murray 230). When someone is not in the top percentile in their class they should not focus on earning a B.A. and becoming an â€Å"average Joe† in their field of study, e.g., business manager; but to focus on becoming an engineer, e.g., electrician, in a line of work that they would enjoy. The world will always need people who will love to work with their hands, and mentally require a technical college education. Murray is saying in â€Å"Are Too Many People Going to College† you can go learn what you need to, to become an electrician, or whatever specialty you enjoy, in two years, get out, and make money, and then watch the business guy still be studying for two more years. Society is what tells us who is better than whom, and most of it depends on our education. Murray states in this article that many people do not need to attend college, but that everyone deserves and needs the opportunity to learn all that they can from whatever source it may be, just do not go sign up for a B.A. program if you do not think you will be interested in it, or complete it. â€Å"There must be a better way† (Murray 242). Works Cited Murray, Charles. â€Å"Are Too Many Going to College.† They Say, I Say with Readings. 2nd Edition. Eds. Graff, Birkenstein, Durst. New York: Norton, 2012. 222-242. Print.

Design of the Gunma Museum of Modern Art

Gunma Museum of Modern Art The Gunma Museum of Modern art is located in the Gunma Prefecture in Japan. The building of the museum took 3 old ages from 1971 to 1974. [ one ] Arata Isozaki ( born 1931 ) was chosen to explicate the architectural designs of the Gunma Museum. [ two ] The museum is recognized as one of his most impressive signifiers of architecture and summarizes many of Isozaki ‘s architectural ideas every bit good as his accomplishments. Even today twenty old ages after its construct, it still holds an of import significance every bit far as Isozaki ‘s architectural point of view and take on conceptual every bit good as modernistic architecture. The beginnings of conceptual art are said to hold originated with Marcelle Duchamp, the â€Å"Father of Conceptual Art† . [ three ] Duchamp ‘s work had a immense impact on and influenced Isozaki. It was against this background, and the munition of 1960 ‘s conceptual art that Isozaki ‘s drama on dematerialization was manifested through the creative activity of the gunma museum. In add-on to dematerialization, the marked architecture has a great accent on regular hexahedrons for the conceptual model of the museum. Isozaki placed himself in the same comparative postion. With respect to the function of the object in conventional art as American conceptual creative persons had done in the late sixtiess. [ four ] Artists sought to make off with the object and cut down it to a simple dematerialized geometric entity. His subsequent infatuation with grid surfaces would look to hold been inspired by the superstudio group ( who began there activities in Firenze in December 1966 ) and sol lewitts minimalist sculptures, but it was an avenue which increased instead than lessened the dematerialization of his signifier. Isozaki made it clear at the beginning that it was his purpose to avoid all historical mentions and connexions with anterior designers. He has said in an interview, †i was believing much more conceptually compared to richard meier ‘s bronz developmental centre in new York, I was believing how to destruct the traditional sense of tradition and balance- those proprotions based on the humanistic system of the aureate mean from Greece, and the kiwari†the Japanese modular system† for wood constructions. Le corbusier developed proportions related to the Greek aureate subdivision and kenzo Tange trid to unite the kawari traditional proportions with the fibonnaci series to do proportions like lupus erythematosus corbusier. I wish to get away from these traditional systems of proportion. My purpose was to contradict any significances originating from the surface any connexion with alvar Aalto and gunnar aspeld were post- design.† > Herein lies the significance of the cosmopolitan grid. Its intent was to heighten the dematerialization of signifier and deny the material nature of the artefact. Dematerialization became a major concern of conceptual creative persons in the late sixtiess every bit merely in importance by the accent proccess ; what it amounted to was the purpose to do architecture as unsubstantial, unseeable, and missing weight as the mental constructs from which the signifiers sprang. This gives the visual aspect that the > museum rests lightly on the green plane of lawn in Gunma-no-mori Park. The edifice was non tethered to the Earth, and the square frame of each regular hexahedron that goes across the underside is indistinguishable to the side and top members. There was no differentiation in footings of proportion between top, bottom and sides ; there was no up or down, no narrowing of the square in acknowledgment of the anisotropy of infinite to get by with the weight of the edifice mass. The aluminum-covered regular hexahedrons appear to be weightless, drifting every bit light as helium-filled balloons. > The exterior of his concrete three-dimensional model with glistening trecherous surfaces realised by the medium of brooding aluminium home bases. In taking regular hexahedrons and take a firm standing that the strengthened concrete construction have the same dimensions throughout and the beams and columns the same subdivision, Isozaki ignored gravitation. †¦an abstract neoplatonic system that is unconnected with the demands of gravitation pure shapes like the regular hexahedron therefore connote a gravity-free environment such as outer infinite where stuffs have no weight. The suggestion of lightness was strengthened by covering the surface of the edifice and concealing the construction of columns and beams under a tight tegument of 2 millimeters thick aluminium panels, composed of indistinguishable square units. This unvarying square grid is expressed limitless extension in resistance to the three-dimensional frame whose function was to specify the museum. Buildings are of class made from heavy stuffs such as concrete, steel and glass, and are hence capable to a much greater extent than picture and sculpture to the pull of gravitation. Engineers have developed optimum subdivisions, beams that are deeper than they are broad to defy flexing minutes, columns that are square or unit of ammunition to defy the different types of compaction tonss, and frames designed to do the most economic usage of stuff. > The museums three-dimensional thesis had it roots in the earlier Oita Prefectural library and nakayama house of 1964 and it late resurfaced in the New oita prefectural library ( 1994 ) . Subsequent designs have elaborated parts of the original gunma museum strategy giving prominence to some facets at the disbursal of others. Thus the quickest and most thorough debut to Isozaki ‘s architecture is a visit to the Gunma museum. Page 22 The Gunma Museum is non symmetrical, but it looks as though it should be. It is uncomplete as it stands. From left to compensate it consists of four parts, two of which are indistinguishable A, B, C: . To finish the bilateral symmetricalness all that is needed is to add two more parts, A, B, C: C, and ( B, A ) to it. Mentally, we are prompted to provide the mirror or impudent image. The presence of ‘C’ – an indistinguishable row of regular hexahedrons on the right side, equilibrating the left side of the symmetricalness axis, strengthens the given of bilateral symmetricalness. Page 23 Isozaki violated its implied bilateral symmetricalness and this induces an air of instability. Symmetry signifies well-proportioned, well-balanced, and it denotes a harmony of the several parts. Beauty is normally associated with symmetricalness and the grasp of form. This was ignored with the add-on of a regular hexahedron to the chief entryway facade. Alternatively of finishing the bilaterally symmetricalness Isozaki broke it. There were purely practical grounds for this – the most obvious was the propinquity of Masato Otaka’s 1979 Gunma Prefactural Museum of History 15 m off. Page 20The auditorium is located on the first floor opposite the chief step. The chief step is enclosed on two sides by walls faced in reflecting marble in between which is an unpolished cardinal strip of unthinking rock that is somewhat narrower than the step. The step rises through the spread between two rows of 12 m regular hexahedrons sandwiched between the entryway hall and disposal that ploughs its manner though the museum. The breadth of the step is hard to gauge because it is reflected in the polished marble walls on either side, giving the semblance that it extends boundlessly. * Exterior Design Page 17 On the exterior, the Museum of Modern Art was stripped back so that small else remained besides the grid and sleek mirror-like sheath of square aluminium panels. The erasure of anything which might add significance was deliberate. Although the museum is deliberately impersonal and its construction assimilated within the annoyer aluminium tegument, it is non passive- instead, it urges us to oppugn what is the nature of architecture by coercing architecture on this juncture to interrogate itself. The usage of the frame as a metaphor for a museum devoted to modern art is extremely implicative in these footings. First, it detaches the museum from the landscape and limits it, proclaiming it to be a kingdom set aside from the mundane while labeling it a topographic point specifically devoted to the art experience, at the same clip that it designates it a semisynthetic infinite. It creates a new focal point in order to direct attending to the art. In Japan the frame acts as a gesture which draws the audience into its drama of semblance and, conversely, it is a agency of taking the interior into the landscape. Isozaki conceived his basic three-dimensional model as a impersonal spacial entity for plants of art, with the model puting the plants apart from the environing park. Yet it besides draws the park equivocally indoors, while stressing that the act of sing a work of art is a specialised aesthetic act in that it places the work in a new unnaturally delimited context. > Peoples tend to reject any absence of intending – where there is nil they frequently invent something in its topographic point. The more empty and blank an object is, the more it draws in intending from outside itself. The shimmering immateriality of Isozaki’s museum, its general emptiness and the upseting feeling of non-existence which emanates from it, challenges the person to add something of his ain. Ultimately we, as users and viewing audiences, provide the message and imbue objects with significance. Isozaki hence magnified the frame in its function as a device for specifying the infinite of a picture to the point that it included the museum. By extension, the museum can be seen as a cultural frame of art. Like the frame around a work of art, the museum alerts the visitant to the presence of art by extinguishing anything that might distance the person or decrease the familiarity of that experience. P13-14- & A ; gt ; isozaki was therefore runing on two degrees ; utilizing a basic construction compromised of the gunma museums three-dimensional model to modulate the infinite additively giving rise to the primary signifier. At the same clip, he deployed secondary ancillary or auxiliary constructions within the basic tructure to make multiple beds and such things as sculpturer aiko miyawaki ‘s stepped tokonoma-like object at the far terminal of the entryway hall.art today is no longer tied to one topographic point, instead it is transported around the Earth traveling from one exhibition site to another. Once art is removed from its original context and placed inside a museum, and so migrates signifier museum to museum, it loses its connexion with a specific clip and topographic point. Paintings and sculptures arrive in crates complete with their ain frames and bases and small else. the art museum might so, seem every bit little more than a big container and recepticle, for ha ving displaying, and sing progressively nomadic plants of art. Isozaki decided that the gunma museum should run mostly as an enveloping model with no explicit or associatory iconography of its ain. He reasoned back since its chief map was to expose plants of art, the museum was a phase, and, as such, it needed the equivalent of a apron arch to border the work of art in the same manner the apron arch frames the phase play in theatre in the West or the phase of a Japanese noh theater. A three-dimensional model enveloping infinite in 3 dimensions hence seemed a suited metaphor for the art museum. Squares balance the co-ordinates. Because the sides of a square are equal, no dimension is overriding and this produces an consequence of hush and repose instead than dynamic instability.

How to Ride a Skateboard

Michael Monroe Mrs. Trear Sophomore English 6 December 2012 How to Ride a Skateboard The process of riding a skateboard is important because there are steps to follow that insure that both learners and pro skateboarders avoid injury. Riding a skateboard can be both fun and dangerous; skateboarders can suffer from serious injury. The first step in this process is of course to grab a skateboard or purchase one. Do not buy a skateboard from Wal-Mart; Wal-Mart skateboards are cheaply made. Recommended brands are Element, Birdhouse, Rob Drydek boards, etc.Also a good place to buy skateboards is a local bike shop or the store called Zumiez. Second find a suitable place to ride your board such as a paved street or a local skate park. Third check weather conditions before riding; sunny weather is the best. Starting out by putting one foot in the middle of the board, then use one foot and propel forward. Then put both feet on the board equally spaced apart. Balance by concentrating body weigh t to the middle of the board. Next to turn the board lean to the† right† or† left,† but do not lean too far.Skateboards are not equipped with brakes so in order to break, use one foot and scrape shoe across the ground. Then when stopped use one foot, kick the front of the board up to grab a hold of it when finished. After learning how to ride a skateboard, one can then learn how to do tricks; such as the Ollie, the kick flip, and the trade flip. An Ollie is the basic trick that one must learn in order to perform any other trick. To perform an Ollie, put one foot close to the front of the diagonally and the other foot on the back of the board diagonally.Then kick the back of the board down while sliding front foot up the front of the board and using one leg to push out when landing.. The board will jump up in the air. The board must land on all four wheels for the trick to be successful. These steps are important to avoid serious injury. Skateboarding can be b oth fun and dangerous. First buy a skateboard. Then find a suitable place to ride. Next make sure that the weather conditions are optimal. Then put one foot in the middle of the board.Use one foot and propel forward, to turn lean to the right or left. To slowdown or stop, use one foot and scrape shoe across the ground. Skateboarding is an extreme sport that takes balance and physical strength. To perform an Ollie, put one foot close to the front of the board diagonally and the other foot on the back of the board diagonally. Kick the board up in the air while sliding front foot up the front of the board, using one leg push out when up in the air. The board must land on all four wheels for the trick to be successful.

Commercial Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Commercial Insurance - Essay Example Dealing with the business’ risks will involve evaluating the existing risk factors and developing robust contingency plans on ways of dealing with the risks whenever they occur. Therefore, laying down a concrete plan for these risks will be the central theme of ensuring efficient management of the business risks. In addition, with the understanding that it will be impossible to plan for everything, the hotel’s risk management plan will provide for efficient ways of reacting whenever risks emerge. The plan to establish the hotel involves the designing and construction of the hotel premises. This means that I will require a professional design and building team, which will not only be tasked with developing a concrete design for the premises on which the hotel will be based, but also building the hotel based on my specifications, as well as those of the state planning department. Rather than embarking on the designing and construction processes on my own, for instance, by hiring a design and construction team, I will float a design and construction tender in the local newspaper and journal for a specified duration. This will primarily be in order to avoid the risk of poor construction due to lack of expertise, or high costs. Consequently, the appointment of the best design and building group will involve tendering, specifically open tendering method. This tendering approach will mark a massive step in risk avoidance (Edwards and Bowen 43). Essentially, risk avoidance encompasses taking steps to deter a hazard thereby ending particular exposure. Additionally, open tendering is the preferred method since it will increase competition thereby guaranteeing the highest value for money on the design and building project. Open tendering will also enhance risk avoidance by ensuring that bidders or respondents are willing to work at low costs while also increasing their likelihood of accepting increased responsibility and risk. This will enable the hotel avoi d a vast proportion of the risks associated with designing and construction, including fluctuating costs of materials and difficulties transporting construction material. Additionally, open bidding will ensure the realization of a superior quality product, especially through the incorporation of a quality matrix in the assessment procedure (Edwards and Bowen 64). Another significant way through which open tendering will ensure risk avoidance is by the enforceability of the design and building contract, which will evade rogue contractors. As soon as the hotel begins serving customers, I will ensure risk reduction by adopting the public order approach. This will ensure that the hotel’s risk of theft, insecurity and fire is significantly reduced. Risk reduction encompasses the implementation of effective measures to diminish the severity or frequency of the occurrence of losses. Consequently, risk reduction is also referred to as loss control (Edwards and Bowen 120). In the hote l, risk reduction will involve fire protection, for instance, through the installation of fire extinguishers and training the staff on fire fighting approaches. In addition, routine safety inspections will be a mainstay of the hotel’s risk reduction strategy, particularly since hotels are

The Inside Job Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Inside Job - Term Paper Example The documentary is about the financial crisis experienced in 2007 and 2008 among other vital economical issues in the United States and on the globe in general. The 2007 global financial crisis was a result of poor loaning scheme to the real estate sector that led to the worst state of bankrupt ever recorded. The United States legislators, out of their own greed, ordered the banking institutions to provide unsecured loans, only for the real estate owners to become loan defaulters. The scheme affected the global economy causing the prices of basic necessities to rise by certain percentages. Ferguson uses the documentary to highlight some of the corrupt deals and changes in the banking industry that brought the global financial crisis among other economical limitations. This study analyzes the documentary, putting emphasis on the motive behind the entire casting. The documentary contains five parts which are in a sequential order as far as the cause and effects of the global financial crisis are concerned. All the five episodes make a summery of the causes and effects of the global financial crisis. This paragraph contains the main financial summery with regard to the late-2000 US financial crisis. It begins by highlighting the poor performance, then the collapse of some of the greatest banking institutions (Iceland) in the United States. Iceland collapsed the moment its main shareholders, Lehman Brothers and AIG, went bankrupt. The producer engages narration as one of the main styles to pass relevant information in the documentary. The documentary is ideal for general viewing, but it would make more sense to those with economical knowledge since some economical and financial jargon words are used to describe the causes and effects of the global financial crisis. The first episode begins as a history documentary where the audience is taken through the US and the global economical status from 1940 to 1980, during which the financial sector was regulated. The docum entary creates a comparison platform, where the audience is made to recognize the difference between the current financial status and that of 20 years ago. It requires good financial analytical skills to note the difference, but the producer broke the entire idea into simpler details. He also tries to use the ordinary language and not financial technical jargon to describe his findings. One learns that the documentary is some sort of financial research findings, but in a simpler language. However, more emphasis is put on the blunders committed by the financial sectors. After 1980, there is no record of regulating the financial sector, and this helped various individuals to establish giant firms on the taxpayers’ money. The documentary records that an estimate of $ 124 billion of taxpayers’ money was channeled from the national treasury to start the giant companies. Various banks later ventured in internet banking scheme, where huge amounts were invested despite those f irms being infeasible. The financial sector lost about $ 5 trillion on the failure of the internet companies. The sector introduced some derivatives that caused even more instability. Several financial studies were conducted, and derivatives regulation was considered one of the remedies to reverse the financial status. However, a good number of legislators supported the bill of Commodity Futures Modernization, which later became a bill and compromised derivative regulations. From the year 2000, the financial sector was dominated by five major companies, comprising Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, Lehman Brothers, Merrill Lynch and Bear Stearns. The other team was made of two financial partners, Citigroup and JPMorgan Chase. AIG, MBIA, and AMBAC, which are insurance companies,

Why enroll in the Doctor of Business Administration Program (DBA) Essay

Why enroll in the Doctor of Business Administration Program (DBA) - Essay Example This determination has made strong in life and helped me in taking decisions which I have not regretted. Choosing the path of success in my professional life has become an aim for me because of this very strong determination and I think if I utilize it in the correct manner I’ll be able to achieve what I aim to. But as said by Christopher Moore "Nobodys perfect. Well, there was this one guy, but we killed him....". It clearly depicts that I personally have my own weaknesses in achieving my goals. All over these years I have realized that learning something is not easy for me. It takes time for me to learn things which others learn in a while. But this weakness can easily be overcome if I give all of my attention to my goals. This attention helps me to not only learn and understand things but also to excel in these things. International business is one of the main driving forces behind the molding face of today’s world. For me, a graduate business degree is the first step towards an entrepreneurial position in a fascinating organization with global working circle. Interacting with multiple cultures for mutual benefits, while accepting the challenges associated with this process has always been a source of fascination for me. Graduate business degree will increase my career options manifolds with the passage of time and will also prepare me with knowledge and skills required to attain a job which fits my goals, thus providing maximum satisfaction. After completing graduation, I will have the chance of focusing on a particular field of work, because I’ll be ‘specialized’ to do this work. Keeping in view my aims and the level of competence that I intend to achieve, I believe that Abu Dhabi University is one of the institutions which can provide me with ample opportunities for the fulfillment of my aims. The world has turned into a global village and it is for this reason that I

Cause and Effect On Honolulu Rail Transit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cause and Effect On Honolulu Rail Transit - Essay Example Thus, many pros and cons have been raised about the proposed construction of the rail transit. Although, the Honolulu rail transit will ease movement of commodities and people from urban areas to outlying areas, it will lead to budget cuts on the capital projects and contribute to environmental, health as well as aesthetic issues. The Honolulu Rail Transit project is costly; thus, it will cause the budget cuts. The rail debt will rise contributing to the reduction of spending on other capital projects. The construction of the rail transit will enable the government to incur additional debt for other projects such as flood control programs, police equipment and road repairs. This is because the financial resources of the city will be directed to the rail construction, as the city will be forced to alter al the city expenses to the rail construction. For instance, the report from the financial director of Honolulu, Toy Arre, revealed that  the fiscal budget proposal of 2013 on health and safety alone is $ 17 million dollars  (Levine pr 3).  The public health and safety is on the front line, but this will be impacted by the proposed rail construction because the government will not manage to meet all other proposal fiscal budget. Hence, this will contribute to the government relying on foreign aid and borr owing money from other developed states with an aim of meeting other capital projects; thus increasing the national balance deficit. The Honolulu project may pose environmental, health and aesthetic issues. This is because the construction activities will contribute to varied consequences on the environment and the health of human being; thus, the project poses legal issues. The plaintiffs included in the environmental and legal issues indicated that the construction of the rail will lead to environmental pollution. For instance, the electric train will be powered by fossil fuel because this comes from burning of petroleum products. This

Regions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Regions - Research Paper Example The research also analyzed the government involvement in promoting good relations between the people and the international capital market. The research examined the relations in the fisheries, mining, and equipment applied and the overall contribution to the growth of the economy. The researchers based their arguments on the literatures published on the canoe trade in Central American Mosquitia region. It then contrasted the literatures with the contribution of the canoe trade to the economic and social relations development. The researchers analyzed the statistical data on the region and drew the relevant conclusions. The trade practices open up a people’s imagination and appreciation of the motives of trade, that is, profit oriented. The trade between the international markets and the remote isolated rural populations re-synthesizes the aspects of the people’s livelihoods. The objective of this research is to establish the dependence of wealth generation to the social relationships between the trading parties. The economic growth of a particular region depends on the trade activities of that region. Trade results into the exchange of cultural activities and crucial information between the partners. The information opens up the people’s perception of the natural phenomena and hence appreciates the essence of trade activities and good relations. The research herein reviewed three resources and drafted reasonable conclusions. Analysis of trading activities takes into account the measures put across to help establish the favorable business culture. Sound infrastructural facilities, equipments and social relations are essential aspects for consideration. Trade promotes the economic growth, which in effect promotes establishments of social amenities such as education centers. The investors also introduce endogenous projects into the regions that promote the rural development in effect. The development takes into

Personal response to Mrs Dallaway Pages 1-36 NO SOURCES Essay - 1

Personal response to Mrs Dallaway Pages 1-36 NO SOURCES - Essay Example Warren believes that he is to blame for the congestion caused by the backfired car. In the wake of the war, citizens are trying to cope with the multitude of changes in their new society; for example, the streets are busier and nosier. Woolf consistently uses flashbacks in her literal work to capture each character’s subjective narrative. The author’s use of subjective narrative calls into question the reliability of memory as a source of information. The characters constantly re-evaluate their perspectives based on recalled information and their interpretations of current events showing that memory might be an unreliable source of information. However, recalled information enriches one’s understanding of characters; one is able to visualize a character’s contribution to the different themes addressed in the literal piece. For example, covered extensively in the publication is the theme of tragedy/death. Characters such as Mrs. Dalloway and Warren Smith remain preoccupied with impending tragedy/death. Mrs. Dalloway constantly thinks about her own mortality; for example, the author mentions that, â€Å"she feels and emptiness at the heart of her life† (Woolf) coupled with her lack of affectionate feelings towards her husband Richard and her deviant sexual attraction towards

Goal Attainment & Social Responsibility Critique Essay

Goal Attainment & Social Responsibility Critique - Essay Example Many people assume that they know how to set goals for a better life. However, very few people understand the importance of setting goals and put it in practice. It is only about 20 percent of people who set effective goals and pursue them. This group mostly involves those people who are involved in business or other entrepreneurial activities that promotes goal setting. More worse is that, though these people set small and easily attainable goals only about 30 percent of them do achieve their goals. This makes one wonder how anyone can achieve anything remarkable in business or in life. Goals can be categorized as ‘be’ goals or ‘do’ goals. ‘Be’ goals are about what one wants to be while ‘do’ goals are about what one wants to do. In each category there are four areas of goals: wealth, health, relationship and self-fulfillment. Any goal will fall into one of these categories. When business professionals set goals, they are either wealth or relationship goals. Achievement however will involve the four areas there should be a balance in the four areas. In order to be successful in life one needs to have both ‘be’ and ‘do’ goals. However, when setting any goal it is advisable for one to identify the traps to avoid as he will be pursuing the goal. There are a number of reasons that hinder people from achieving their goals as they will be discussed in this essay (Tracy, 2004) Some people fail to achieve their goals because of fear of failure or even fear of success. Those who fear to fail feel that if they set goals and then fail to achieve people will think negatively about them. This makes them to fear to take even the first action towards the goal. Some also fear that if they succeed people will be jealous and think negatively about them. So this creates lose-lose situation, no matter how much effort they put. Achieving the goal has a

Trauma in Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Trauma in Conflict - Essay Example FitzPatrick and Hartsock observe that throughout history military nurses have stood with physicians and assisted them in carrying out emergency medical interventions. Nurses have served as care providers in many regions of conflict such as Somalia, Croatia, Desert Storm and recently in Iraq and Afghanistan (Flint et al. 2007). The evolution in trauma nursing has opened up new roles for nursing such as injury prevention, data management and the use of new technologies for dealing with trauma injuries. One such medical intervention is the military tourniquet. The military tourniquet is used for supporting poly-trauma patients. The Combat Application Tourniquet (CAT) is a common military tourniquet used by military nurses. This essay will discuss the potential dilemmas arising out of the use of tourniquets, particularly CAT. The issues will be considered in the context of trauma conflict situations. Patients in military operations in Afghanistan will be considered too. According to Beac hley, military nurses have contributed significantly towards the effective management and care of severe injuries. Amongst such measures are triage rapid evacuation, stabilization and surgical procedures (Flint et al. 2007). It is necessary for military nurses to master the interventions that are required for dealing with blast and gunshot victims. The frequency of such injuries has increased significantly over the past few decades owing largely to the fact that they are not confined to the military anymore. The proliferation of weaponry and its use out of the military has made the civilian population yet more susceptible to trauma. The role of nurses has become increasingly important in managing trauma ever since the Crimean War. Effective management of penetrating trauma, which has occurred in wars and military operations, requires the nurse to be apt at the working knowledge of the interventions (O'Shea 2005). A critical aspect of emergency care of trauma victims is gaining contr ol of and stopping haemorrhage. It has been reported that taking measures to prevent deaths occurring from blood loss from the limbs are the most vital means of saving lives. Haemorrhage has been cited as the most important reason for death after trauma (Lerner & Soudry 2011). In the protocol used for managing a trauma patient, circulation is now being given increased importance. The treatment procedure has changed from ABC to ABC to highlight the significance of controlling blood loss (Brodie et al. 2007). These changes are also being introduced into training programs for military trauma nurses. A device used in such cases is tourniquet. Tourniquets are devices which can reduce arterial and venous flow by compressing it. In the UK, tourniquets are a part of the personal first aid kits of soldiers going to the field. They are encouraged to make use of tourniquets when faced with excessive amounts of blood loss. Despite the effectiveness of tourniquets on stopping blood loss, their u se in conflict situations is subject to debate. There are strong arguments both favouring and discouraging the use of tourniquets in critical situations in the war zone. The arguments against the use of tourniquets are that they lead to the unnecessary loss and amputation of limbs. This highlights the gravity of the issue and the medicolegal aspects surrounding their use. Tourniquets are used for medical or tactical reasons. They help to deliver care-under-fire,

Mobile Phones Essay Example for Free

Mobile Phones Essay A mobile operating system, also referred to as mobile OS, is the operating system that operates a smartphone, tablet, PDA, or other digital mobile devices. Modern mobile operating systems combine the features of a personal computer operating system with touchscreen, cellular, Bluetooth, WiFi, GPS mobile navigation, camera, video camera,speech recognition, voice recorder, music player, Near field communication, personal digital assistant (PDA), and other features. History Main article: Smartphone Mobile operating system milestones mirror the development of mobile phones and smartphones: ââ€" ª 1979–1992 Mobile phones have embedded systems to control operation. ââ€" ª 1993 The first smartphone, the IBM Simon, had a touchscreen, email, and PDA features. ââ€" ª 1996 Palm Pilot 1000 personal digital assistant is introduced with the Palm OS mobile operating system. ââ€" ª 1996 First Windows CE Handheld PC devices are introduced. ââ€" ª 1999 Nokia S40 OS was officially introduced with the launch of the Nokia 7110 ââ€" ª 2000 Symbian became the first modern mobile OS on a smartphone with the launch of the Ericsson R380. ââ€" ª 2001 The Kyocera 6035 is the first smartphone with Palm OS. ââ€" ª 2002 Microsofts first Windows CE (Pocket PC) smartphones are introduced. ââ€" ª 2002 BlackBerry releases its first smartphone. ââ€" ª 2005 Nokia introduced Maemo OS on the first internet tablet N770. ââ€" ª 2007 Apple iPhone with iOS introduced as an iPhone, mobile phone and internet communicator.[1] ââ€" ª 2007 Open Handset Alliance (OHA) formed by Google, HTC, Sony, Dell, Intel, Motorola, Samsung, LG, etc.[2] ââ€" ª 2008 OHA releases Android 1.0 with the HTC Dream (T-Mobile G1) as the first Android phone. ââ€" ª 2009 Palm introduced webOS with the Palm Pre. By 2012 webOS devices were no longer sold. ââ€" ª 2009 Samsung announces the Bada OS with the introduction of the Samsung S8500. ââ€" ª 2010 Windows Phone OS phones are released but are not compatible with the previous Windows Mobile OS. ââ€" ª 2011 The MeeGo the first mobile Linux, combined Maemo and Moblin, was introduced with Nokia N9 in effect of cooperation of Nokia, Intel and Linux Foundation ââ€" ª In September 2011 Samsung, Intel and the Linux Foundation announced that their efforts will shift from Bada, MeeGo to Tizen during 2011 and 2012. ââ€" ª In October 2011 the Mer project was announced, centered around an ultra-portable Linux + HTML5/QML/JS Core for building products with, derived from the MeeGo codebase. ââ€" ª 2012 The Lenovo K800 will be the first Intel powered smartphone (Android OS).[3] ââ€" ª Common software platforms ââ€" ª See also: Comparison of Android devices, List of BlackBerry products, List of iOS devices, Comparison of Symbian devices, and List of Windows Phone devices ââ€" ª The most common mobile operating systems are: ââ€" ª Android from Google Inc.[4] (free and open source)[5] ââ€" ª The Galaxy Nexus running Android 4.0.1 ââ€" ª Android was developed by a small startup company that was purchased by Google Inc. in 2005, and Google continues to update the software. Android is a Linux-derived OS backed by Google, along with major hardware and software developers (such as Intel, HTC, ARM, Samsung, Motorola and eBay, to name a few), that form the Open Handset Alliance.[6] Released on November 5th 2007, the OS received praise from a number of developers upon its introduction.[7] Android releases prior to 2.0 (1.0, 1.5, 1.6) were used exclusively on mobile phones. Most Android phones, and some Android tablets, now use a 2.x release. Android 3.0 was a tablet-oriented release and does not officially run on mobile phones. The current Android version is 4.1. Android releases are nicknamed after sweets or dessert items like Cupcake (1.5), Frozen Yogurt (2.2), Honeycomb (3.0), Ice Cream Sandwich (4.0) and Jelly Bean (4.1). Most major mobile service providers carry an Android device. Since the HTC Dream was introduced, there has been an explosion in the number of devices that carry Android OS. From Q2 of 2009 to the second quarter of 2010, Androids worldwide market share rose 850% from 1.8% to 17.2%. On 15 November 2011, Android reached 52.5% of the global smartphone market share.[8] ââ€" ª The Apple iPad tablet computer uses a version of iOS. ââ€" ª bada from Samsung Electronics (closed source, proprietary) ââ€" ª This is a mobile operating system being developed by Samsung Electronics. Samsung claims that bada will rapidly replace its proprietary feature phone platform, converting feature phones to smartphones.The name bada is derived from ë °â€Ã«â€¹ ¤, the Korean word for ocean or sea. The first device to run bada is called Wave and was unveiled to the public at Mobile World Congress 2010. The Wave is a fully touchscreen running the new mobile operating system. With the phone, Samsung also released an app store, called Samsung Apps, to the public. It has close to 3000[9] mobile applications. ââ€" ª Samsung has said that they dont see Bada as a smartphone operating system, but as an OS with a kernel configurable architecture, which allows the use of either a proprietary real-time operating system, or the Linux kernel. Though Samsung plans to install bada on many phones, the company still has a large lineup of Android phones. ââ€" ª BlackBerry OS from RIM (closed source, proprietary) ââ€" ª This OS is focused on easy operation and was originally designed for business. Recently it has seen a surge in third-party applications and has been improved to offer full multimedia support. Currently Blackberrys App World has over 50,000 downloadable applications. RIMs future strategy will focus on the newly acquired QNX, having already launched the BlackBerry PlayBook tablet running a version of QNX and expecting the first QNX smartphones in early 2012.[10] ââ€" ª iOS from Apple Inc.[4] (closed source, proprietary, on top of open source Darwin core OS) ââ€" ª The Apple iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad, and second-generation Apple TV all use an operating system called iOS, which is derived fromMac OS X. Native third party applications were not officially supported until the release of iOS 2.0 on July 11th 2008. Before this, jailbreaking allowed third party applications to be installed, and this method is still available. Currently all iOS devices are developed by Apple and manufactured by Foxconn or another of Apples partners. ââ€" ª S40 (Series40) from Nokia (closed source, proprietary) ââ€" ª Nokia uses S40 OS in their low end phones (aka feature phones). Over the years over 150 phone models have been developed running S40 OS.[11] Since the introduction of S40 OS it has evolved from monochrome low resolution UI to full touch 256k color UI. ââ€" ª Symbian OS from Nokia and Accenture[4] (open public license) ââ€" ª Symbian has the largest smartphone share in most markets worldwide, but lags behind other companies in the relatively small but highly visible North American market.[12] This matches the success of Nokia in all markets except Japan. In Japan Symbian is strong due to a relationship with NTT DoCoMo, with only one of the 44 Symbian handsets released in Japan coming from Nokia.[13] It has been used by many major handset manufacturers, including BenQ, Fujitsu, LG, Mitsubishi, Motorola, Nokia, Samsung, Sharp, andSony Ericsson. Current Symbian-based devices are being made by Fujitsu, Nokia, Samsung, Sharp, and Sony Ericsson. Prior to 2009 Symbian supported multiple user interfaces, i.e. UIQ from UIQ Technologies, S60 from Nokia, and MOAP from NTT DOCOMO. As part of the formation of the Symbian OS in 2009 these three UIs were merged into a single OS which is now fully open source. Recently, though shipments of Symbian devices have increased, the operating systems worldwide market share has declined from over 50% to just over 40% from 2009 to 2010. Nokia handed the development of Symbian to Accenture, which will continue to support the OS until 2016.[14] ââ€" ª The Palm Pre running HP (formerly Palm)webOS. HP purchased Palm in 2010. ââ€" ª Windows Phone from Microsoft (closed source, proprietary) ââ€" ª On February 15th, 2010, Microsoft unveiled its next-generation mobile OS, Windows Phone. The new mobile OS includes a completely new over-hauled UI inspired by Microsofts Metro Design Language. It includes full integration of Microsoft services such as Windows Live, Zune, Xbox Live and Bing, but also integrates with many other non-Microsoft services such as Facebook andGoogle accounts. The new software platform has received some positive reception from the technology press.

Describing research methology and philosophy

Describing research methology and philosophy Saunders et al (2007) described research methodology as a carefully organised and scientific procedure used during a research project which generates results which are in turn assessed. Also the methodology used in any research is developed by the researcher. Saunders et al (2007) revealed five sections in which research projects are usually shaped. Figure 3.1: The Research Onion Saunders et al (2009) described research philosophy as an essential basis on how we view the world. This basis supports research strategy and the procedure a researcher chooses in evaluating the strategy. Also according to Sullivan (2001 pp. 47) research philosophy is a type of philosophy based on scientifically proven facts where the world is thought to exist without consideration of peoples ideas of it and that science uses decisions based on facts to discover what exist in the world. Authors like Malhotra and Birks (2007) support the fact that the scientifically based facts belief can have an effect on research. Furthermore, Sullivan (2001 pp. 48) showed that belief on the philosophy based on feelings, thoughts is where reality of the world generates out of its creation and there is a replacement of social meaning during social interaction. However for the process of this research, philosophy based on feelings and thoughts is chosen over that based on scientific proven ideas because Remenyi, Williams, Money and Swartz (1998 p. 32) showed that philosophy based on scientifically proven ideas work with noticeable social reality and the results of such research can be law like generalisation which is almost the same to those produced by the physical and natural scientist. RESEARCH PURPOSE Saunders et al (2009) defined research purpose as a clear exact statement that point out what the researcher wants to achieve from undertaking the research. However, this purpose can be achieved using any of the following (Saunders et al 2009) Exploratory research Descriptive research and Explanatory research Exploratory research: this type of research is used to find out what is occurring; to seek new and clear understanding; to ask question and evaluate an occurrence in a new light (Robson 2002, p. 59). Furthermore, this research is mainly used to simplify a problem and also reveal if the problem is worth pursuing (Saunders et al 2009). Also, an exploratory research can be changed easily to suit a new situation, this change does not necessarily mean absence of direction, rather it means concentrating on a wide viewpoint and narrowing the research to a more specific manner. (Adams and Schvaneveldt 1991) Descriptive Research; According to Robson (2002 p. 59): descriptive research is a research that seeks to describe an accurate profile of persons, events or situations in a particular way to suit ones opinion. This research involves producing a correct representation of persons or events. (Saunders et al 2009 p. 590) Explanatory research: this type of research seeks to present a direct relationship between variables. In other words, this type of research shows how a variable depends on another and how they affect each other. This research studies a problem or situation in order to generate the relationship between the variables (Saunders et al 2009. pp 591). Several authors like Malhotra and Birks (2007) revealed that this type of research purpose can be used collectively in a research. However for the purpose of this research, the three purpose method was used. Research Approach According to Saunders et al (2009); there are two types of research approach available to researchers namely; Deductive Approach and Inductive Approach The deductive approach involves five stages in which research will be carried out (Robson 2002) Deducing the hypothesis from the theory- this involves analysing the relationship between two or more variables. Expressing the hypothesis in operational terms- this involves the identification of how the variable will be measured. Testing the operational hypothesis Examining the outcomes of the inquiry- this involves making sure the theory is right or suggesting modification to the theory improving the theory using the research findings Furthermore, this type of approach is carefully organised, collects quantitative data, and need to collect data from a sufficient sample size in order to generalise conclusion (Saunders et al 2009) Inductive approach; this approach involves the generation of a theory as a result of the evaluation of the empirical data. (Saunders et al 2009 pp 593) Also, it involves understanding the kind of problem and how it concerns the context in which it occurs. Also this type of research tends to use small sample of subject as against the large sample used in deductive approach. However for the purpose of this research both inductive approach was used because of the large sample that can be used to define a theory as well as the fact that inductive approach can be changed to fit any situation and the researcher can be more involved in the research process. Choices Saunders et al (2009) revealed that there are multiple method choices available to a researcher to collect data namely: qualitative and quantitative techniques. According to Denzin, Norman, Lincoln and Yvonna (2005); qualitative research technique is a method of getting required information used in many academic discipline and market research. Also, Chris Vaughan-Jones (2010) showed that qualitative research uses observation from participant and non participants, semi structured interview, unstructured interview and analysis of documents and materials. While quantitative research technique is systematic investigation of countable properties and observable happenings and their relationship (Kuhn 1961). Furthermore, quantitative data are usually gathered using questionnaires in which the data collected will be coded using numerical codes and later analysed. However, for the purpose of this research, both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data. (Quantitative method was in form of questionnaires while qualitative method was in form of a focus group) Time horizon Ester by- Smith, Thorpe, Jackson and Lowe (2008) revealed that a research design can take the shape of a cross-sectional studies or longitudinal studies. A cross-sectional study usually uses the survey strategy as it seeks to describe incidence of a phenomenon (ester by- Smith et al 2008). On the other hand longitudinal study uses observation of people or an event over a period of time in which the researcher is able to control the time changing properties involved, provided that they are not affected by the research process (Saunders et al 2009) However, cross-sectional study was used for this research because all the data collected was obtained from a sample of internet banking customers at different time of the day and different days of the week using questionnaires. Research strategy Research strategy can be described as a general plan in which research questions are answered. Also, research strategy involves the use of research questions as well as research objectives, amount of time, extent of existing knowledge and resources available (Saunders et al 2009). Furthermore, the major research strategies available to researchers are experiment, survey, case study, action research, grounded theory, ethnography, and archival research (Saunders et al 2009) Experiment- according to Saunders et al (2009 p 142), experiment is a form of research that involves a scientific test which features strongly in much social science research especially psychology. Furthermore, Hakim (2000) showed that experiments seek to reveal whether a change in one independent variable will cause a change in another dependent variable. Survey- this is to collect a large amount of data from a particular population based on their views about a particular subject, it employs the use of explorative and descriptive research approach (Saunders et al 2009 pp. 144). Furthermore, survey strategy allows a researcher to collect quantitative data which can be analysed using descriptive and inferential data (Saunders et al 2009). Case study; Robson (2002 pp 178) described case study as a plan for doing research which involves an empirical investigation of a particular happening with its real life counterparts using different sources of evidence. Also, case study creates a detailed understanding of a research context and the processes involved (Morris and Woods 1991). Furthermore, Yin (2003) revealed that case study uses triangulate multiple sources of data because it uses different methods of data collection with a study to ensure that data collected are accurate and useful. Action research; Saunders et al (2009 pp. 587) described action research as a research strategy that is involved with management of change, also involving a close connectivity between practitioner and researcher. Coghlan and Brannick (2005) revealed that research should pay more attention on resolving organisational issues like effecting change together with the person that experiences the change directly. Grounded theory; this can be described as the theory that was developed from data gotten from series of observations or interviews involving an inductive approach (Saunders et al 2009 pp 592). Furthermore, Goulding (2002) revealed that grounded theory strategy helps in predicting and explaining behaviour in a research which brings about building and developing a theory. Ethnography: this strategy is used to describe and explain the social world through first hand field study (Saunders et al 2009 pp 591). This strategy involves participative observation and it is consumes a lot of time because it is done over a period of time making the researcher involving in the social world being observed (Saunders et al 2009). Archival research: this type of research strategy uses managerial works and records as its major data source (Saunders et al 2009 pp 150). However the data collected through this strategy are analysed because it is a product of daily activities (Hakim 2000). However Saunders et al (2009) revealed that the above strategies can be combined in a research, the survey strategy was used as a result of its ability to collect quantitative data as well as its ability to answer questions like who, what, where, how much, and how many; also because it uses exploratory and descriptive research techniques.

Impact of Emotions on Child Cognitive Processing

Impact of Emotions on Child Cognitive Processing Using research findings, critically discuss the impact emotions can have on children’s cognitive processing, social behaviour, and physical health. There are different impact emotions have on children’s cognitive processing, their social behaviour and how it affects children’s physical health. The critical discussion of this topic essay, will be centred on the events relating to children in grief for the passing of a parent, maltreated children, and also how parenting style can affect the emotional characteristics that are displayed by the children and from this angle relating it with two great influence on children cognitive psychologist. It is essential to recognise the factual significance of emotions before getting into the other impacts, emotions are part of everyday distinction, it is a complex feelings that range between happiness and sadness, which are also the feelings that follows most aspects of other emotional feelings (Barnes, 1995). But why must children’s emotion have any impact on their life’s and others? Why must it affect individual cognitive processing? Does it always have to affect positively or negatively on the self and others and are the emotions expressed acceptable? Piaget coined the stages of cognitive development on how children’s knowledge of the world grows and improves with age. According to Piaget, schema are in different categories of both sensory and physical activities, as children mature in age the developmental schema enables them to categorize and compare different items, this process improves over time, the outline has its strengths and limitations, it serves to devise how we remember. Through this process children can therefore change their thoughts into emotional feelings to their primary care provider. The scheme also enables sorting of items in the memory and through this process, we are then able to make decisions and hold natural processes on different environmental characteristics, although the schemata have its advantages but it is also determined by the quantity of information it can hold. It is obvious that Piaget considered environmental factors that sometimes changes how we recollect, in sight of this he came up with the adaptation-organization, which is the method that schema changes through when something happened in a child’s life. The stage of adaptation organisation is sensitive to ambiguity because he further complicated this stage by saying that children are not influenced by any external factors, but cognitive development is totally innate. Although Piaget’s theory had a great influence on modern developmental psychology, but to some extent it underestimated the full potential of children and what they are capable of doing. (Bee Boyd, 2010). Some emotions that are expressed strongly can be satisfactory depending on the circumstances for example, when a child loses a parent, the notions of loss naturally will cause an impingement on the child mental state, it sometimes have an impingement on their physical health and possibly affect how they socialize with other youngsters, but if this emotion are repressed it could manifest in different shapes, granting to the child bereavement case study conducted out by Worden (1996). There was a 6 years old girl who began to experience nightmares and high level of anxiety when her mother was diagnosed with cancer and even after the death of her mother the symptoms persisted, but her 3 years old brother and 13 years old sister did not experience such anxiety both before and after the death of their mother. In that respect are different views on when children gain the cognitive functions of grieve, according to Wolfenstein children develop the content to mourn or grieve from adolescence , while Bowlby suggested that children as young as 6months acquire the feelings as an adult. (Barnes, 1995). The case study shows individual differences in how the cognition reacts to different emotional issues and also support Bowlby’s suggestion that children as young as 6months acquire the feelings to grieve the same manner as an adult. (Parrott, 2001). Vygotsky’s theory is different from Piaget’s, Vygotsky refers to the cognitive process from social interaction aspect, according to him children learn from adult and other people that has a direct contact with them and through the relationship formed with other people they learn to experience how to socialize with other people. Through the guidance that children received from their parents they develop different skills and their zone of proximal development increases from the support and care received from their parents in order to acquire emotional stability, this is one major role out of many others, therefore the loss of that particular figure in a child’s developmental stage due to the sudden change of death will have its consequences on the child’s response in their cognitive development. Some strength of this theory is formed in the cognitive behavioural processes of a childs emotions and they are displayed through attention, retention, reproduction and motivation, he sees children talking to themselves has a way of learning to regulate both their emotions and behaviour and also it is a way of children developing problem solving skills. It is somehow hard to criticize this theory because it was not completed before Vygotsky died. (Bee Boyd, 2010). Male and female emotions operate with a different internal model, children mostly find it difficult to hide their emotions, for instance, when they are angry, they look miserable and through their facial expressions parent or the child’s caregiver can easily know that something is wrong and it is feasibly possible to describe what form of emotions that are displayed. But why can’t we always mask our emotions without other peoples awareness? Research findings has shown that the construction of emotions is universally and culturally similar, it is hard to separate emotions and cognition because the two processing influence each other, making it hard to isolate events of pure emotion and pure knowledge. Emotions alert individuals to be mindful of some very significant characteristics of the environment and provide directions for cognitive processing with the display of behaviour in certain ways that is conformed to the nature. (Lemerise Arsenio, 2000) On that point are some emotions related to shame and guilty conscience due to maltreatment from the health care provider, this feeling comes up due to distress to personal transgression. Guilty feelings in children could be affiliated with some specific behaviour this mostly is a shape of negative evaluation of emotional experience that are acquired from guilt, the individual will not realize that the problem is from themselves instead attention is primarily centred on what has taken place or what did not take place, it is severely important to look at the state of mind of a caregiver because it will deliver a substantial impact on the psychological evolution of the small fry. (Bee Boyd, 2010) The cognitive function of a child’s brain that deals with grieve is the Ego, it is the unconscious part that focus on the realness of the effect of a loss of a child’s parent. Kids as young as five years are vulnerable because they cannot fully understand the permanency of death, this is ascribable to the fact that their knowledge is not fully evolve in order to link up with the notions of loss (this statement contradicted what Bowlby suggested that children as young as six months can have the same impressions of heartache as an adult). (Worden, 1996) There are individual differences with the ability to understand other people’s emotion, the social development children and their social competence also have an impingement on their emotional knowledge of others. Children empathize with other people in different ways, it involves the consideration of their emotions and relating their feelings with other people’s emotional state, some children have very poor understanding of other people’s emotion, and perhaps the parental style of the caregiver might be accounted for the children’s lack of ability to understand other people’s emotion. (Bee Boyd, 2010). It is important for parents to create a positive impact in their children’s life, according to Samuelson (2012). The positive parental behaviours that are exhibited by the parents would be linked to the children’s attention and working memory and their inhibitory control this therefore means that the parental regulation of emotion would predict children’s executive functioning and there would be a better relationship and sympathy of other people’s emotion after controlling their own emotions. This construct is similar to Bandura’s theory with the Bobo doll experiment the main idea was to show how an aggressive behaviour can be modelled well by children, thus emotional behaviours that are exhibited by the parent of a child will be moulded by the small fry because of such children that is the normal style of behaviour, due to the children’s exposure to that type of emotions. So also some negative expressions of emotion that are exhibited by the parent can be disconcerting to the children, it frequently happens when children have been exposed to both positive and negative emotions in the same shape, this can thus prevent the child’s competency and developing problem solving skills. (Samuelson, Krueger, Wilson, 2012). It has been generally accepted that what determines social and emotional troubles in children are from some sort of temperament disturbance, according to Rutter and Caesar (1991). There are other underlying issues that contribute to behavioural difficulties, some of this behaviour are from language disorder, while others develop from different parenting style. It is important to point out that there is a general assumption that the beginning of problems in children are from their social and emotional development. Although parental attitudes and the distinctive preference for boys and girls emotions that are socially acceptable are deemed through the way children are responded to by their parents, which also would have a strong influence on their emotional behaviour, for example, if boys are taught to be tough and strong and encouraged that aggressive behaviours are masculine type of behaviour they will surely display more of such character and hide their emotions due to learned behav iour, while girls are taught to be gentle and calm so therefore girls are more flexible with how often they get emotional. Children learn through modelling they therefore will imitate the same learned behaviour displayed at home. (Ding Littleton, 2005) The research carried out by Berg-Nielsen et.al (2003). Revealed that there was a low parental involvement for boys in comparison to girls due to this lack of contact given to boys and lack of positive emotions displayed by their fathers when they are angry, by encouraging them to show their emotions and improve their self-awareness in order to enable them to be able to self-regulate their emotions. The reaction from the parent is otherwise due to the expectations from boys are different from girls thus there are riskier for boys to develop emotional behavioural disturbances. However, there are limitations to this research because it does not cut across different cultures. Nevertheless the environment that a child grows up will also have an impact on their emotional behaviour through the way they socially interact with others, for example parent that have a medical history of stress are always angry and depressed. This surely will affect the child’s growth in the appropriate wa y, there is a tendency for the child to develop an emotional imbalance, irritable temperament or mental health problems and possibly unable to regulate own behaviour, due to the type of attachment given to the child by the parents. (Ding Littleton, 2005). In conclusion, there are different theoretical approaches to emotion from the cognitive aspect of the social and behavioural aspect, there are some emotional display of behaviour that can be seen as acceptable, and for example when a child is grieving the loss of a parent. Across different cultures, children display similar emotions that suggests that a child’s cognitive processing have an impact on their emotions which are then exhibited in their behaviour, research findings have also shown that the environmental influences also have an effect on children, developmental stages, but the strongest influences are the type of parenting style, the type of attachment children received during childhood will determine how they deal with and regulate their emotions. And lastly children’s emotions also cause an impact on their health, for instance, if a child is constantly afraid it can lead to acute anxiety problems which mostly therefore becomes a mental health illness. References Barnes, P. (1995). Personal, Social and Emotional Development of children. Oxford: Blackwell. Bee, H., Boyd, D. (2010). The Developing Child (12th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education. Berg-Nielsen, T. S., Vika, A., Dahl, A. A. (2003). When adolescents disagree with their mothers: CBCL-YSR discrepancies related to marternal depression and adolescent self-esteem. Journal of Child Care, Health and Development, (29), 207-13. Ding, S., Littleton, K. (2005). Childrens Personal and Social Development. Oxford: Blackwell. Lemerise, E. A., Arsenio, W. F. (2000). An Integrated Model of Emotion Processes and Cognition in Social Information Processing. Journal of Child Development, (71), 107-118. Parrott, W. G. (2001). Emotions in Social Psychology. Philadelphia: Psychology Press. Rutter, M., Casaer, T., (eds). (1991). Biological Risk Factors for Psycho-social Disorders. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. Samuelson, K. W., Krueger, C. E., Wilson, C. (2012). Relationship Between Marternal Emotion Regulation, Parenting and Childrens Executive Functioning in Families Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, (17), 3532. doi:DOI: 10.1177/0886260512445385 Worden, J. W. (1996). Children in Grieve: When a Parent Dies. New York: Guilford.

The Supernatural in Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Use of the Supernatural in Macbeth      Shakespeare’s Macbeth has many supernatural actions. Although all of supernatural do not have exactly same role in the play, the main purposes of supernatural are to attract the attention from audience [manipulation], to foreshadow future events, to show the characteristics of individual, and to connect the idea with theme. In the play, the supernatural occurs: witchesà ­ appearance throughout the story, the strange behavior of Macbeth after the murderer of King Duncan, the situation of nature in Scotland, appearance of Banquoà ­s ghost and imagination of dagger which was flying in the air. Firstly, the story starts with weird sistersà ­ conversation under strong thunder and lightning. It is very effective way to attract the attention from audience: First Witch says with scary voice, "When shall we three meet again, In thunder, lightning, or in rain ?" (I, i, 1-2) The very first scene is not only attractive, but also there is an important clue for the things to be happened in the future [foreshadowing]. We learn that there is something going to happen with Macbeth à ± Macbeth wins for his life, but he also is going to lose for his life: "There to meet with Macbeth" (I, i, 7) "Fair is foul, and foul is fair." (I, i, 11)The speech of Witches also contains a theme. "When one wins, one must lose" is a possible theme that can be taken from the speech: "When the battle is lost and won" (I, i, 4) The witches continue appearing throughout the story to give us the excitement, hint and theme.    Secondly, Macbeth loses his mind after the killing of King Duncan. Is it attractive ? By considering the situation, it can be said that it is attractive à ± When he reenters into the play after killing of Duncan, he is a completely different man, like a stone. We must be surprised that if Macbeth is standing up with bloody face, bloody swords in his hands and talks something that does not make senses at all: "Why did you bring these daggers from the place ?" (II, ii, 48) It also shows characteristics of Macbeth. Macbeth can easily fall into a confusion that he cannot recognize.    Thirdly, later in the story, Macbeth sees the Ghost of Banquo and the dagger in the air. However, the Ghost and dagger are only visible to Macbeth, and no one else is able to

Genetic Haemochromatosis :: essays research papers

Genetic haemochromatosis is a disorder, which causes iron build up over time. Usually an adult has about 4 grams of iron in their body but with this disorder the amount of iron in the body is much higher, with the total amount of iron in the body reaching up to 20 to 40 grams if untreated. In Australia, haemochromatosis affects 1 in 200-300 people but it is most common in Australians whose ancestry is from Northern Europe or the United Kingdom. If haemochromatosis is left untreated, it leads to conditions such as:  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cirrhosis of the liver  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cardiomyopathy  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Diabetes To prevent these problems from developing, early diagnosis and treatment is needed. The treatment for this disorder is done by regularly extracting blood, from the same main vein, as the one that’s used for when a person donates blood. By doing this regularly, it reduces the high levels of iron in the blood so that it doesn’t get stored in various organs. People who are affected by haemochromatosis may show no symptoms at all. The symptoms of this disorder are more likely to develop in men aged between 40 and 60 years old and at a later age for women, although the disorder can be diagnosed much earlier. For this disorder, symptoms vary according to the organs involved. In the early years there may be no symptoms at all except for a healthy skin colouring that seems like a tan. Although early symptoms that occur in some people are:  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Weakness  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Weight Loss  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lack of interest or concern  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sexual drive  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pain in the arms  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Muscle Tenderness  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cramps in the legs Symptoms may occur earlier in men though because women lose blood during menstruation and childbirth causing the iron levels in the body to reduce. THE CAUSES OF HEREDITARY HAEMOCHROMATOSIS The gene most commonly involved in hereditary haemochromatosis is called the HFE gene. On the short arm of chromosome number 6 is where this gene is located. The HFE gene codes the protein that regulates iron absorption. When the HFE gene is faulty the message from the gene is also faulty causing the iron storage that regulates itself to fail. Two mutations, called C282Y and H63D, have been identified in the HFE gene. It appears to cause most of the cases of hereditary haemochromatosis. Being born with two faulty HFE gene copies does not actually have to mean that a person will definitely develop HH, it just means that they are more easily affected by hereditary haemochromatosis then others.

Ethics In Education Essay

Abstract Education has ever been considered as one of the strongest foundations for any civilized society. The success of any Nation is largely attributed the way in which education system is built up. There is growing importance the world over these days to incorporate importance of ethical standards in education. Ethical standards in education contain basic principles, procedures and behavior patterns based on commitment to core values that are deeply rooted in education. An ethical education will pave a way to uplift educational standards which in turn will instill right values among students who will certainly create landmark in their career as well as life. ETHICS IN EDUCATION The Concept Of Ethics The definition of ethics is shaped by personal, societal and professional values, all of which are difficult to specify. Some stress the importance of society’s interests and others stress the interests of the individual. These conflicting viewpoints have dominated the discussion of ethics for a long time and may remain in the future as well. Thus, the term ‘ethics’ will have to be defined in this context. The word ‘ethics’ is derived from the Greek word ‘ethos’ (character) and Latin word ‘moras’ (customs). Taken together these two words define how individuals choose to interact with one another. Thus, ethics is about choices. It signifies how people act in order to make the ‘right’ choice and produce ‘good’ behavior. It encompasses the examination of principles, values and norms, the consideration of available choices to make the right decision and the strength of character to act in accordance with the decision. Hence, ethics, as a practical discipline, demands the acquisition of moral knowledge and the skills to properly apply such knowledge to the problems of daily life. Philosophical Theories of Ethics Decision making based on intuition or personal feeling does not always lead to the right course of action. Therefore, ethical decision making requires a criterion to ensure good judgment. The philosophical theories of ethics provide different and distinct criteria for good, right or moral judgment. Three prominent philosophical theories of ethics are utilitarianism, rights and justice. They are normative theories of ethics, which provide a principle or standard on how a person ought to behave towards others by considering the right and wrong of an action. These normative theories are divided into two broad classifications, consequential and non-consequential. Consequential theories define ‘good’ in terms of its consequences, and a best known example is theory of utilitarianism. In contrast, non-consequential theories define ‘good’ not by its consequences but by its intrinsic value and the best known examples are the rights and justice theories. These theories are described below. (a) The theory of utilitarianism According to this theory, the ethical alternative is the one that maximises good consequences over bad consequences. Jeremy Bentham, who is considered as the father of utilitarian ethics, defines utilitarianism as the greatest happiness principle (the principle of utility), which measures good and bad consequences in terms of happiness and pain. He wrote as follows in his book ‘An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation’: â€Å"Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall do. On the one hand the standard of right and wrong, chain of causes and effects, are fastened to their throne. They govern us in all we do, in all we say, in all we think.† The terms ‘happiness’ and ‘pain’ have broad meaning and encompass all aspects of human welfare, including pleasure and sadness, health and sickness, satisfaction and disappointment, positive and negative emotions, achievement and failure and knowledge and ignorance. Applying the utilitarian principle is a procedural process involving five steps: (1) Define the problem; (2) Identify the stakeholders affected by the problem; (3) List the alternative courses of action for resolving the problem; (4) Identify and calculate the short- and long- term costs and benefits (pain and happiness) for each alternative course of action and (5) Select the course of action that yields greatest sum of benefits over costs for the greatest number of people. Thus, ethical conduct by accountants based on this theory leads to consideration of all possible consequences of a decision for all parties affected by it. This theory takes a pragmatic and common sense approach to ethics. Actions are right to the extent that they benefit people (i.e. actions, which produce more benefit than harm are right and those that do not are wrong). Thus, the cognitive process required for utilitarian decision making appears similar to the cost-benefit analysis that is normally applied in business decisions. However, there are important distinctions between the two concepts in relation to the nature of consequences, the measurability of the consequences and stakeholder analysis. (b) The theory of rights The theory of rights stems from the belief that people have an inherent worth as human beings that must be respected. Therefore, according to this theory, a good decision is one that respects the rights of others. Conversely, a decision is wrong to the extent that it violates another person’s rights. In general, the rights can be divided into two categories: (1) natural rights (rights that exist independently of any legal structure) and (2) Legal rights and contractual rights (rights that are created by social agreement). The natural rights are commonly known as human rights or constitutional rights. Among many natural rights, the right to the truth is important to the function of accounting. The users of financial statements have the right to truthful and accurate financial information when making choices on alternative investment strategies. This right imposes a moral obligation on the accountant and the reporting entity to prepare and issue, true and fair financial statements. On the other hand, legal and contractual rights are important in the accountant-employer and the accountant-client relationships. These contractual relationships mean that employers and clients have a legal right to expect professional and competent service from the accountants. In turn, the accountants have a corresponding legal duty to perform their tasks to the best of their ability within the constraints of their expertise. (c) The theory of justice Understanding this theory requires understanding various notions of justice. Generally, justice is described as fairness, which refers to the correlation between contribution and reward. However, fairness alone cannot define the term justice. There are also other forms of justice, which include equality (assumes that all people have equal worth), procedural justice (concerns with due process) and compensatory justice (addressed the loss from a wrongful act). However, a comprehensive theory incorporating these various domains of justice has yet to be developed. Thus, the focus of this paper is on the theory of justice, which is based on the principle of distributive justice. It focuses on how fairly one’s decisions distribute benefits and burdens among members of the group. Unjust distribution of benefits and burdens is an unjust act and an unjust act is a morally wrong act. Hence, under this theory, an ethical decision is one that produces the fairest overall distribution of b enefits and burdens. Ethics In Education Basically there are three parties involved in ethical education system namely students, teachers and administrators. Teacher, being the most important facet of ethical education, is the torch bearer to the change the whole scenario of education system. He is the one who could exemplify his ethical behavior in front of students. Students most of the time learn their behavior from their teachers. Right approach of teacher to teach the students inside the class room will make ever lasting impact on the minds of students. It goes without saying that the principle of ethical conduct lie at the core of teaching profession. The whole society can be remolded by administering ethical practices. Secondly, the responsibility for promoting ethics in higher education lies with the leadership of colleges and universities. Like most efforts at organizational change, the energy, financing, and inspiration must start at the top and must anticipate and verbalize a long term commitment to ethical goals . â€Å"Bottom-up† schemes for change are seldom successful since they lack the organizational influence to create a sustained, well supported plan of action. Ethics issues permeate every aspect of university life from admissions to the classroom, from hiring to curriculum development and from research to the athletic field. To alter the ethics culture in an institution of higher education (or any organization) requires the highest level of commitment and realistic consequences for deviations. (a) Verbal and written commitment of the university president/chancellor, board of trustees, alumni association, faculty and staff to the implementation of an ethics plan of action; (b) Verbal and written commitment of departments heads overseeing student recruiting and admissions policy to an ethics plan of action for their areas of concern. Some possible action items might include advertising that the student body is governed by a â€Å"honor code†, the violation of which could lead to disenrollment. The hallmark of the admissions policy would focus on the ethical selection of students to include cultural difference, gender and racial equalities, socio-economic factors, as well as, academic excellence. (c) Faculty hiring guidelines that would include a thorough â€Å"vetting† of the applicant’s qualifications and background as well as a written commitment by the applicant to fully support the ethics initiative; (d) Faculty members to commit to and undertake curriculum revisions that would include the ethical aspects of their particular discipline; (e) Students to commit to a dormitory, fraternity/sorority, off-campus life-style code ethics; (f) Faculty members to commit to ethical guidelines for the research into the publication of scholarly materials; (g) Faculty members to commit to a faculty-faculty, faculty-student ethical relationships guideline. Lastly, students are also expected to contribute maximally by behaving honestly to their work, duties and responsibilities. They should never restore to any malpractices during examination or any class work. Conclusion The writer has reviewed just a fraction of the literature available on the subject of ethics in the workplace. The literature for the most part, supports the notion that the ethical behavior is good, that ethical behavior is needed in the workplace, and that progress is possible in raising men and women above their more prurient interests. Based on the writer’s experience and discussions with university leaders, however, the notion of total commitment by all stakeholders as outlined in the sample plan is probably unlikely. Cries of academic freedom, unreasonable restraints and loss of flexibility would be echoed from the â€Å"bell towers† of academia in spite of the intrinsic â€Å"good† intentions of the plan. All this does not augur well for the â€Å"fast track† implementation of ethics at the university level or in the workplace. Instead, progress in changing individuals towards a more ethical vision of their personal and professional life will be a p lodding effort, characterized by small successes and small failures for a long time into the future. References American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (2010). The Code of Professional Conduct. Retrievedfromhttp://www.aicpa.org/research/standards/codeofconduct/downloadabledocuments/2010june1codeofprofessionalconduct.pdf Audi, R. (2007). Can utilitarianism be distributive? Maximization and distribution as criteria in managerial decisions. Business Ethics Quarterly, 17(4), 593-611. Baiman, S. & Lewis, B. (1989). An experiment testing the behavioral equivalence ofstrategically equivalent employment contracts. Journal of Accounting Research, (27)1, 1-20. Bazerman, M.H. & Banaji, M.R. (2004). The social psychology of ordinary ethical failures. Social Justice Research, 17, 111-15. Bentham, J. (1843). The works of Jeremy Bentham. Edinburgh, Scotland: John Bowring. Bird, F.B. & Walters, J.A. (1989). Moral muteness. Californian Management Review, 73-88. Brenkert, G.G. (2010). The limits and prospects of business ethics. Business Ethics Quarterly, 20(4), 703-9. Burton, B.K. & Goldsby, M.G. (2 009). The moral floor: A philosophical examination of the connection between ethics and business. Journal of Business Ethics, 91, 145-54. Caldwell, C. & Clapham, S. (2003). Organizational trustworthiness: An internationalperspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 47(4), 349-64. Caldwell, C., Hayes, L.A., & Long, D.T. (2010). Leadership, trustworthiness, and ethical stewardship. Journal of Business Ethics, 96(4), 497-512. ETHICS IN ACCOUNTING 30 Caldwell, C. & Karri, R. (2005). Organizational governance and ethical systems: A covenantal approach to building trust. Journal of Business Ethics, 58(1), 249-59. Calhoun, C. (1995). Standing for something. The Journal of Philosophy, 92(5), 235-60. Carlopio, J. (2002). The best articles about leadership from the last ten years. BOSS Financial Review, 71-4.

A Farewell to Arms: a Classic Display of Literature Essay

Ernest Hemmingway’s † A Farewell To Arms† is a classic display of literature. The way he develops his characters is ingenious. In the beginning of the story I did not like the way it was going. As I read deeper into the book, â€Å"A Farewell To Arms† I discovered the complexity of the characters themselves. I discovered that Frederic Henry was a rather complex character as well. When you are finally given the full picture of Frederic Henry, you realize that he can be described in several different ways. First, Frederic Henry is a round and very dynamic character. You also realize that because Mr. Henry’s mannerisms are so easily recognizable, he is a stock character as well. The point of view in the story is written in first person. The first person point of view is that of Frederic Henry. The stories underlying theme is identity. Throughout the whole story Frederic Henry is revealing himself to the audience and discovering himself at the same time. A secondary theme in the story is that Catherine, Frederic’s love interest, is slightly crazy. Throughout the story, I was intrigued by the things that Frederic Henry revealed to the audience. While reading the story it was as if you were right there with Frederic, going through the same things he did, and knowing every intimate detail. The aspects that Frederic Henry display are the aspects of a well developed character and a true war hero. The first aspect I would like to touch on is that Frederic Henry is a well-rounded character. As the story progresses we learn more and more about the character Frederic Henry. Though it may seem like a small point, a good example of how we learn more about Frederic as the story progresses is the fact that he is nameless in the first four chapters. Throughout the first four chapters, Frederic Henry is referred to as â€Å"lieutenant† by his peers and â€Å"baby† by his girlfriend. Its not until chapter five that he is referred to as â€Å"Mr. Henry†. Then we learn his full name, Frederic Henry, in chapter thirteen. Another example of Frederic Henry being a round character is that he is closely involved in just about every part of the story. Of course he would have to be involved in the majority of the story because it’s basically the confession of his life. The entire story we learn about Mr. Henry, and we watch him grow to become a good man. Even when Frederic is not involved in the seen, he is still involved in many aspects of the scene. As other characters converse we still learn more about Frederic Henry and his relationship with each character. The second aspect of Frederic Henry as a character that I would like to display is the fact that he is a very dynamic character. Throughout the entire story Frederic Henry grows and changes. In the beginning Frederic is part of a group of soldiers. But as the story progresses and he and Catherine fall more into love Frederic begins to isolate he and Catherine from the group. Instead of saying â€Å"we† in accordance to his group of friends he uses â€Å"we† to represent him and Catherine. Aside from isolating himself from his group of friends Frederic Henry changes from a rather self-centered person to a caring person. Instead of planning for his future and living to fulfill his needs he begins involving Catherine in the picture as well. Not only does he change in respect to Catherine but he changes in respect to other characters as well. Mr. Henry begins to look out for others needs, particularly in the battles he is involved with. A great example of this is when Frederic gets injured badly he insists that the other soldiers be treated first. (Lewis, 46) There are countless other times when Frederic tries to help other soldiers, showing complete selflessness, but unfortunately fails. Though he failed to save Catherine, he showed major change from the way he was at the beginning of the story when he did all he could to save her. As the story progresses Frederic grows more and more familiar to the audience and his personality becomes more audience friendly. The third aspect of Frederic Henry’s character is that he is a stock character. A stock character is a character that is easily identifiable by the way they behave. Frederic Henry is very easy to identify. First off he almost always speaks in the plural form. For example, when he buys himself a gun he turns to Catherine and says, † now we are fully armed†, as if she too is armed. (Monteiro, 71) Another characteristic that Frederic Henry has, is that he is always trying to help other people. Throughout the entire story there are examples of he and his men out on the battlefield, and Frederic coming to someone’s aid. Since this behavior takes place so many times you automatically know that it is Frederic Henry who is coming to the rescue. The event that is most memorable is when Frederic and his men are captured and Frederic manages to help all his men escape. Upon the escape Frederic rows he and his crew for over twenty miles to safety, in Switzerland. (Gellens, 45) The point of view in â€Å"A Farewell To Arms†, is a first person point of view. The interesting thing is that even though it’s a first person point of view, it’s a first person point of view that is expressed in a plural sense. All threw the story Frederic Henry uses the phrase â€Å"we† to refer to himself and his group of friends. Another interesting thing is that later into the story Frederic’s usage of the word â€Å"we† changes from referring to his group of friends to his relationship with Catherine. The story is also a confession in a way. It’s a confession because as he tells the story he admits to his shortcomings early on. Not only does he admit his shortcomings but it’s as if he needed to expresses his regret for the people he was not able save. (Lewis, 46) The entire story is told from Frederic Henry’s perspective. You see things as they happen through his eyes only. While telling the story Frederic Henry sounds almost apologetic, and when he retells his adventures, he uses a negative tone. The theme in the story is identity. The whole point of the story is Frederic Henry revealing himself to the audience and essentially explaining who he is. Time after time Frederic lets the audience in on intimate details. By explaining himself and his actions it is easier for the audience to identify with Frederic and put themselves in his place. By putting the audience member in his place, he forces you to participate in every adventure he goes through. A secondary theme is presented as well. The secondary theme is one that portrays Catherine. Some skeptics think that Catherine’s central theme is craziness. (Lewis, 46) throughout the storyt she is called crazy and is referred to as the crazy one. Catherine even refers to herself as being crazy. An example of when Catherine refers to herself as crazy is when she says, â€Å"I haven’t been happy for a long time, and when I met you perhaps I was a nearly crazy. † She questions her sanity again when Frederic says † I don’t want you to get Scotch and crazy tonight† and the Catherine replies â€Å"I am Scotch and crazy†. (Lewis, 102) Some interesting points about Frederic Henry’s character is that he is actually the antagonist as opposed to the protagonist. (Lewis, 46) The evidence for such an argument is all throughout the story. Time after time Frederic tries to save people, but fails almost every time. Such a quality brings hope into the eyes of the audience but then lets them down time and time again. Though there were several successful escapes and rescues the failures still outweighed the successes. In the beginning of the story Frederic’s self-centeredness is rather annoying and makes you dislike him. Self-centeredness is the quality of an antagonist. Ernest Hemmingway’s â€Å"A Farewell To Arms† was all in all a good story. It displayed the trials and tribulations of an American soldier during wartime. The character Frederic Henry is a well-rounded and dynamic character. The fact that Frederic Henry was a stock character made him easy to recognize and therefore made the story easier to follow. Though the story was told through a first person point of view Ernest Hemmingway kept the story interesting by telling it through a plural first person. The underlying theme of the story was identity. Frederic spent the whole story explaining who he was to the audience. The way Frederic told the story, he made it easy for the audience member to identify with him, therefore making it easier for the audience member to put themselves in his place. An interesting secondary theme is the theme that implies Catherine is crazy. Because of things Catherine says and does the crazy theme seems to fit her personality. Throughout the story there is plenty of evidence of all these things and these aspects made the story even better and much more fun to read. Gellens, Jay. Twentieth Century Interpretations of A Farewell To Arms. Englewood Cliffs, N. J. 1970. Lewis, Robert. A Farewell To Arms (A War With Words). New York, 1992. Monteiro, George. Critical Essays On: Ernest Hemmingway’s A Farewell To Arms. New York, 1994.